Also, a filter can be surgically placed in the inferior vena cava to prevent pulmonary embolisms.

也可以放置下腔静脉滤器来防止肺栓的发生。

CT scan or MRI help diagnose ascites, cirrhosis, splenomegally or vascular alterations like inferior vena cava dilatation.

CT扫描或MRI有助腹水、肝硬化、脾肿大，或血管病变（如下腔静脉扩张）。

Even partial compression of the superior vena cava can cause the venous pressure behind the obstruction to increase.

局部压迫上腔静脉甚至能造成阻后方的静脉压升高。

But in some situations, an obstruction may prevent blood flow from the portal vein towards the inferior vena cava.

但有时从门静脉流到下腔静脉的血流会受阻。

This happens when there's an obstruction in the passage of blood from the portal vein towards the vena cava.

当血液从门静脉流向腔静脉的通道阻时，就会发生这种情况。

Got it. Wait, I-I think I can localize the bleeding. I think it's coming from the inferior vena cava.

搞定。等等，我想我可以把血止住了。我想它是从下腔静脉出来的。

I use a little shade called cava and bellini.

我使用一种叫做 cava 和 bellini 的小色号。

On the right side, the superior vena cava, ascending aorta, right ventricle, left ventricle, and inferior vena cava should all be visible.

在脏右侧，分别是上腔静脉、升主动脉、右、和下腔静脉。

The superior vena cava is found in the upper chest.

上腔静脉位上胸部。

The superior vena cava resembles a drain that leads down into the heart.

上腔静脉像通向脏的引流管。

Once the liver processes all these substances, it sends the blood to the heart through the inferior vena cava to enter the systemic venous system.

一旦肝脏处理了所有这些物质，肝脏将血液通过下腔静脉进入体静脉系统送往脏。

So, if you think about it, the blood that drains into the inferior vena cava has to move upward, against gravity.

所以，如果你仔细想想，流入下腔静脉的血液必须向上流动，对抗重力。

Ultimately, all of the blood ends up in the superior or inferior vena cava and dumps into the right atrium.

最终，所有的血液都回流至上腔静脉和下腔静脉，最终抵达右房。

So far, we've learned that blood returning to the heart from head to toe drains into the superior and inferior vena cava.

到目前为止，我们已经了解到，血液从头到脚流回脏，流入上下腔静脉。

The job of the superior vena cava is simple, and like many other major veins in the body, it is nothing more than a transportation tube.

上腔静脉的作用很简单，和体内其他许多主要静脉一样，它不过是一个运输管。

The inferior vena cava has a bigger area to drain, and its job is to return deoxygenated blood to the heart from all body regions below the diaphragm.

下腔静脉有更大的引流面积，其作用是将脱氧血从横膈膜下的所有身体区域回流到脏。

This is a good way to think about the superior vena cava, because its job is to drain (or return) deoxygenated blood straight down into the right atrium.

这是考虑上腔静脉的好方法，因为它的工作是将脱氧的血液直接排入（或回流）到右房中。

These peritubular capillaries then reunite to become the cortical radiate veins, then the arcuate veins, then interlobar veins and finally into the left and right renal veins which connect to the inferior vena cava.

这些肾小管周围毛细血管网将重新汇聚成小叶间静脉，然后汇聚成弓状静脉、叶间静脉，最终汇入右肾静脉；肾静脉又与下腔静脉相通。

As the inferior vena cava passes through both abdominal and thoracic cavities, an increase in abdominal pressure together with a decrease in thoracic pressure squeeze the blood upward- toward the heart.

当下腔静脉同时通过腹腔和胸腔时，腹腔压力增加和胸腔压力降低会将血液向上挤压—流向脏。

Blood from the upper body returns via the superior vena cava, blood from the lower body returns via the inferior vena cava.

上半身血液通过上腔静脉回流，下半身血液通过下腔静脉回流。